Digital communications protocols, methods and devices.
Script
Presenter:
HTTP: HTTP stands for hyper text transfer protocol.
Now this is quite a mouth full to say but quite easy to understand.
HTTP was invented at the beginning of the World Wide Web in the early
1990s , Its a protocol or language at allows computers to talk to each other.
Many think that HTTP is a hard language to understand like Geordie! but
In real terms it is quite simple. Each page is set out like a tree, each branch holding
the different lines of information with simple start commands and finish commands
just like a capital letter and a full stop. Now a days there are many programs that
will deal with this for you, as you creat your webpages using the likes of Microsoft
front page or Web creator pro 6.
WAP: WAP or 'wireless access protocol' is really what it says, it is a standard protocol
like before with HTTP, a language that is used across the world to let you use your
mobile for or iPads with out connecting it to a wire. It talks to all the networks like
GSM or CDPD and says "hey I want this message to go to this number" or "my user
wants to read this page on the internet". The networks understand the request and
allows the user to do it by sending it through a wireless router and not a
physical land line.
GSM: GSM was created in 1982 when the Group Special Mobile or the GSM
Was created by the European conference of postal and telecommunications
administrations, known as (CEPT) for short. They wanted a stander way for users
to connect and find networks around the Europe.
GSM or Global Systems for Mobile Communication, allows a mobile-phone
to search for the nearest transmitter communicate with it.
This is were you get you phone signal from on your mobile and allows you to
communicate with the service providers to make a pone call are send a text.
There are other protocol now out there like CDMA which is GSM's bigger reveal,
both can do nearly the same actions like transfer date, but CDMA has the ability to
send larger dater allot quicker that GSM
GSM greatest point is that it has a wider roaming ranger, which means it get better
coverage and a stronger single in rural areas. Another playing in this market was
EDGE which was used across Ireland and parts of Europe.
3G: 3G is the next step up from GSM, both can send text and make call but 3G allows
the user to do more.
It can communicate and use it's language better to get the carriers and networks to
send and receive photos, sound and even surf the net.
Once it was created and approved to be used as the 3rd generation in
communicating on mobile devices by the ITU or the international
telecommunications union, it allowed the network operators to offer more apps and
service that the old 2nd generation or GSM, that was not capable of communicating
in this way.
This service also brought in the creation of smart phone and tablets that could be
portable, fast and do the jobs of a home computer, working wirelessly at around 384
kbps
4G: A step up from 3G is the easily named 4G, know as a LTE protocol or Long Term
Evolution. This was first introduced in to Britain in October 2010, It still dose the
same functions as 3G and GMS but a lot fast! around five times faster, allowing
downloading and stream to be almost instant. This means that providers can once
again offer more services and better broadband coverage. It has competition from
Wilmax that was first the first to invent it in 2006 by the South Koreans, then it
moved in to the USA in 2008, But after lots of discussions and trials, 4G was
granted. All new smartphone have the ability to use 4G, which in the future will
make 3G a thing of the past, transferring dater wirelessly at around 100 Mbps.
GPRS: General packet radio service or GPRS is known as the in-between protocol, as it
sits some where between 2G and 3G. It extended the capability of GSM and aloud
users to use multimedia services, but at a very small rate around 56 to 114 kbit a
Second, which is the same as a 90s dial up modem.
But with out this technology, we would have not been able to take that next jump in
generational technology, making the likes of EDGE and CDMA almost a thing of the
past, as 3G and 4G take over the mobile communication markets.
Bluetooth: Bluetooth is a long servicing protocol and has yet to be replaced or really up
branded! It's known as the digital hand shake, as it personal in its format. It was
first developed to allow other Bluetooth phone to connect with each other for
transfer dater like music, pictures and notes between friends.
Today it has developed into the standard protocol for connecting devices like
keyboards, hand-free kits and other devices to connecting with your
computer or mobile device.
Blue tooth was created in 1994 by Ericsson as a short rang communication
connecter.
Broadband: Broadband if a fast way of passing information from the internet to your computer.
This make watching videos or listening to music much more easer than the dial up
modem. The difference between broadband and dial up being that the broadband is
constantly connected to the internet were a modem will only connect when you
command it to do something.
There are four main different types of broadband,
DSL or digital subscription line, which uses unused telephone wires in you home
system to bring the broadband into your house with out disputing your telephone.
Cable, this is the most common broadband used by providers like Virgin which run
under the ground straight into your property from broadband connection boxes with
the the street.
Fiber-optic is the fastest form of broadband, as it say it brings the signal along fiber
optic cables to the user, this service is just start to replace normal cable and may not
be available in some parts of the world, but it is set to be the standard way of
delivering broadband across the the world in the future.
And last is the slowest broadband out at the moment, satellite. It is manly used for
rural areas of the world were there is no telephone lines. It is a good replacement to
dial up, but being slow give it better broadband width, which allows your computer to
do more task at once with out disruption.
The price is a little higher, but this is down to the technology used to get it to the
user.
VoIP: voice over the internet protocol is a form of phone service that takes the analog
signal and turns it into a digital signal that can be sent to any computer on the net
which then turns it back into a sound wav.
This dose makes phone call charges lower, but also it dose not give the user access
to some services like 118 or 999 at the moment.
This means that you can carry you VoIP phone anywhere by just plugging it into the
internet. This is demonstrated simply by having a go at calling some on on SKYIP
by connecting you computer to a microphone and a web camera, then chatting to
some on also on SKYIP.
Know let's have a look at the methods and the way we uses these signals.
Forums: An Internet forum is a discussion area on the internet were people can read,
respond and post topical issues which makes it a bit like an online virtual
community which we will cover later.
Members can join or create there own forum on any topic, this is also known as a
message board. There are many different forums out there like the business and
market place forum to the home and garden forum even the Internet forum.
These were big when computers first became widely available in the late 90 early
2000s and are still going with a little bit of a uprise of late duo to tablets and smart
phones.
Weblogs: Weblogs are kinds of log of your life put out there for people to read or a information
station.
Its a website protocol that post in chronological ordered posts like events, thoughts
and opinions like the Tra Sua forum that mainly talks bout being a teen anger or the
weblog.org.uk site that gives users a wide range of post to read from government to
history. Normal weblogs are run by provides that will charge you for the internet
space or you can use it for free and the provider will charge companies to advertise
on these sites.
Wikis: wikis is a peace of server soft-wear that allows the user to edit dedicated website to
amend, correct and sometime mess around with the information give on the web
page. The best way to understand this is Wikipedia, it is a world wide database that
has been created by users across the net.
They input the information and other users come along and add to it or change
points that people may have got wrong. This way the users can pass on information
around the internet in a combined way. But these sites are also not to be trusted for
its informational trueness .
email: know as electronic mail, by using a send and receive protocol, it is possible to send
all sorts of information in a package that will interact with many different email
services. Basically what this means is that it allows the user to send a message
using lets say hotmail, when it arrives at the email address you sent it to, this may
be a yahoo account.
These two different email provides use the protocol or program, allows these to
providers to understand each other, so that the message can be read. All
modern laptops, smartphones and computers now all come pre-loaded with email
software.
IM: IM is better known as a instant message, this is very much like sending a text on a
phone, they are real time message that can be sent by using a number of online
services.
Workforces use this system to keep everyone up today, normal you can
only IM to and for the same providers. So let say MSN messenger; a user would set
up an account, invite people who also have a MSN account and they would then be
able to message each other. You can find these use a lot on the likes of workforce
laptops like the AA, were a call out can be passed to the drivers laptop with the
informations and job instantly.
IM is still used today and Installed on computers, tables and some
smartphone today.
SMS: SMS or short message service, is the posh world of a text! Which is known as the
number one way in the world that people communicate with each other.
It allows the user to send written and numerical message to and from mobile
phones. The reason it is so wide spread in it usage, is because of the cost
effectiveness compared to using air time and making a phone call. All smartphone
have the capacity to send and receive SMS messages.
MMS: Multimedia Messaging Service is very much like SMS, it allows the user to send
messages to and from each other. But were SMS is just words and numbers, MMS
allows the user to send photos and audio as well. The price is higher than the
normal SMS, the down side to this is that some providers struggle sending these
types of messages to other providers, like orange has trouble sending MMS
messages to Virgin. The photo or audio is some times left off the message or has to
be down loaded from the providers website which cost you more money.
This come mainly on new phone as the older phone do not have the ability to use
this protocol.
video Conferencing: Video conferencing is a protocol that allows integrated video and
audio live contents to be received and sent from anywhere in the world.
Basically when you use video conferencing you are normal sat at your
computer with a web camera and microphone attached.
You dial up and connect with two or more people at once, on screen you
will see all the people you are talking to and they can see you and
everyone ells as well.
This style of communication is normal used with in business's like Nisan
that has people running the business in Sunderland, but also has bosses
to report to in Tokyo, this allows them to have meetings with out having to
travel.
Virtual Communities: A VC is a community of people sharing common interests, ideas and
feeling over the internet. The first VC was the "Well", invented by Howard
Rheingold, he describe it as a "public discussion long enough and with
sufficient human feeling to form webs of personal relationships in
cyberspace". Basically it is a website like a forum, but instead of changing
the topic, the VC stay with the topic like love, life ect. They build it up over
years and people chat and enter into online relationships with people,
almost like living a new life on the web. These can run on any computer,
tablet and smartphone.
And final
VLEs: VLE,s are virtual learning environments, websites that contain
educational information that is presented in a learning style.
This mean that let's say you go on the mathematics.co.uk a learning
environment that is a site that many schools use to help students with
there maths. Each student will have a pass word and user name to log
into the environment. Once they are in they can do a number of tasks like
solve problems, have competitions by answering questions agents other
user that are in the environment and more.
All this is to make learning more fun and gain game credit.
These credits gives the user the ability to buy cloth for their online
profiles, backdrops and more.
The more credits the user has the more thing you can buy.
These VLE,s come in many different formats, many you have to sign up
for and pay, other may be free but contain advertising.
This type of learning is being pushed as the next generation in leaning for
all and can be accessed from and form PC, tablet, smartphone.
Jordy, you have comprehensively explained the protocols, devices and methods used in digital communication systems, with relevant examples, and consistent use of subject terminology. Good job on the video - this is a creative way of presenting your work.
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